Born in a mining village in East Ayrshire called Glenbuck on the 2nd of September 1913, William ‘Bill’ Shankly, OBE, would become one of Britain’s most successful managers to date. He was the youngest of a family of ten and one of five brothers that went on to become professional footballers. Bill had a tough upbringing, which later contributed to his humanitarian socialism views and management skills, life in the small mining town of Glenbuck was harsh. The community used football as a form of escape from the daily toils and hardships that regularly occurred, the small village football team, Glenbuck Cherrypickers, itself would go on to produce a remarkable 49 professional footballers in the later parts of the 19th and early parts of the 20th century. Even though Bill would move on before he managed to break into the first team he would pick up some valuable experience from the twice weekly training that he would go to, the training would be five-a-side, which he would deploy in his training methods when turning to management. Bill came obviously from an experienced footballing background, his brothers would also be successful in football. His brother Bob managed Dundee to victory in the Scottish Championship in 1962, his uncle Bob Blyth played for Preston North End and Portsmouth later becoming their manager. He also had brother Alec who played for Ayr United and Clyde, brother John for Luton Town and Blackpool and finally his brother Jimmy who played for a host of clubs including Sheffield United and Southend. Life was difficult for the people of Glenbuck, Shankly joked in his later years that he didn’t have a bath until 15, but it invoked a passion for life desire to succeed which the Shankly family certainly did within football.
Playing Career:
Bill Shankly played as a wing half, his playing career was not as successful as his managerial years but that was mostly because his career was cut short due to World War II. He was signed by Carlisle United in July 1932 at the age of 19, he made his debut for the club on new years eve against Rochdale. In that season he accumulated 16 appearances and was spotted by Preston North End who duly bought him for £500.00 in the summer of 1933. Shankly went on to become an important member of the first team and Preston North End were promoted to the old First Division in 1934, he had his best years at the club and went to Wembley twice with the club, both being FA Cups, becoming runners-up to Sunderland in 1937 and winners against Huddersfield Town in 1938. He made his Scotland debut in a victorious 1-0 win in1938 against England, making a further four appearances during that year, unfortunately for him war broke out in 1939 which cut short a promising career. During war time Shankly would carry on playing for teams like Northampton Town, Liverpool, Arsenal, Cardiff City, Bolton Wanderers, Luton Town, Partick Thistle and King’s Park respectively. When peace was declared and the professional football league started again in the 1946-1947 season, Shankly returned to Preston to carry on with his career, he was 33 years old. He carried on playing for the club until March 1949 where he decided to retire from playing and look into management, he played 296 games for Preston North End scoring 13 goals.
The early years of Management:
After his retirement from his playing career, Shankly was eager to jump into management and was appointed Carlisle United manager within the same month, the man had come back to his first professional club some 17 years later. He gained valuable experience at the club, having to work with no real funding and developing his training methods and man management skills. He had two mediocre season at the club and walked out in 1951 citing reasons being the board of directors were not willing to commit enough money for the club to progress, this unfortunately was not the only incident in Shankly’s illustrious managerial career that he walked out of a club. Throughout his whole career Shankly had afflictions with directors, mostly due to the fact that he felt they did not have the same commitment to team affairs as he did. After walking out on Carlisle and a failed interview at Liverpool due to his lack of experience, Shankly went on to manage various clubs, Grimsby Town 1951-1954, Workington 1954-1955 and finally Huddersfield in 1956 where he was to spend three seasons. During his time at the club he signed a 15-year old boy by the name of Dennis Law, the young Scotsman broke into the first team at the age of 16. Shankly saw great potential in the player and went to the board to recommended on business grounds that Law should be given a new and improved contract. Then later on in the season of 1956, the Huddersfield board wanted to accept a bid of £45,000 from Everton for the talented striker, upon hearing this its is understood that Shankly went livid at the board stating ‘Get out your diary and write this down. One day, Dennis Law will be transferred for £100,000.’ After four years the club Law was sold to Manchester City for £55,000, setting a British transfer record.
Liverpool:
In December 1959 Bill Shankly was appointed manager of Liverpool by chairman T.V Williams, who was impressed by his first interview also the enthusiasm and commitment Shankly had for the game. When the football club of Liverpool is mentioned now it is put along with same lines as Barcelona, Real Madrid, AC Milan and Manchester United respectively. But in 1959 the club was in a completely different position, this was the man that transformed this great club into a European super power. The club were at the bottom of the old second Division with a crumbling stadium and poor training facilities, the squad were of a poor standard and large in numbers. The only positive out of all of that was the backroom staff, they consisted of Joe Fagan, Reuben Bennett and the recently retired and much Shankly admired Bob Paisley. The first major act of change that Shankly brought to the club was the training ground, it had diabolical facilities, one mains tap, no showers, no canteen. Shankly declared that every player was to arrive at Anfield and be bussed to the Melwood training facility. He introduced a diet assessment with the players being told what was good to eat and what certainly wasn’t, also he introduced core skills training, using an old disused wall that was painted as a goal and split into eight different sections where Shankly demanded the players hit every section each time during training. His obvious core training was five-a-side, where he taught his players his football ethos, pass and move, keep it simple and fight for each other no matter what. After training the team would be taken back to Anfield where they would shower and have a meal with each other, this showed great judgment by Shankly where this was to create a great form of bonding the team and also ensured that every player was warmed down correctly and free from injury. This was shown in the 1965-66 championship winning season where only 14 players were used all season, two of them only making a handful of appearances.
Liverpool was slowly turned around by Shankly and his staff and in 1961-62 he gained the club promotion to the old first division, with crowds grossing 40,000, the atmosphere in the city and club was euphoric. Shankly was starting to build his first great team at Liverpool, with names like Ian St John, Ron Yeats, Gordon Milne and Peter Thompson now in the squad. His next goal was for the club to try and wrestle the supremacy from the hands of their city rivals Everton. That happened in the 1963-64 season when Liverpool were crowned champions for the 6th time, from former champions Everton. Then the following season Liverpool won the F.A Cup and were narrowly beaten by Inter Milan in the semi-finals, eventual winners, in the European Champions Cup. His team were starting to grow a reputation in England and on Continent for their passing style and attacking play, in the 1965-66 season Liverpool were once again crowned league champions and were beaten finalists in the European Cup winners Cup. Some of Shankly’s first team members were starting to see the end of their playing days, this was shown with no finals or trophies for the next five seasons, other than becoming league champions runners up in the 1968-69 season.
With the changing of the decade came the changing of the old guard too, the club had stagnated a little with no trophies in those five seasons and Shankly had to be ruthless, he was. Out went the likes of Roger Hunt, club record top goal scorer, Ian St John, Ron Yeats and goalkeeper Tommy Lawrence in came Kevin Keegan, Steve Heighway, Larry Lloyd and future England number one Ray Clemence. These players were to create a team that was to better Shankly’s first great team of the 60’s, these players were young and raw but needed time to develop their skills under the tutelage of Shankly. After a decent run in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup where they were knocked out eventually in the semi-finals and runners up in the FA Cup in the 1970-71 season. The team were starting to perform and gain the vital experience Shankly always said they needed if they were to fulfil their potential. The young team delivered in the season of 1972-73 by being crowned League Champions for the 8th time in the clubs history, that season also brought the club its first trophy in Europe, the team won the UEFA Cup. This was Shankly’s greatest year, he had rebuilt the team again and the future looked very promising for a young and very talented Liverpool team. Then came the shock, after another successful season in 1973-74, with the club being runners up in the league and winning the FA Cup with the 3-0 demolition of Newcastle, Shankly announced after the game that he was to retire from football at the age of 60. After a glittering managerial career with 4 league titles, 2 FA Cups and a UEFA Cup to his name Shankly had a legendary status in the city. In the 753 games in charge of Liverpool he won 393 of them and only loosing 175 with a win ratio of 52.19%, that puts him in the same echelon as Sir Alex Ferguson and Bob Paisley.
After his shock resignation from the club, the Liverpool board were forced into making a decision who was going to take the reigns from the great man. Shankly himself had put forward the name of his assistant Bob Paisley as his successor, there are conflicting sources stating that Shankly wanted Jackie Charlton to replace him. The board took Shankly’s advice and decided to stick with the tried and tested with appointing Paisley that summer. Paisley would go on in his nine seasons as manager to be the most successful manager in English football at the time. Shankly had left Liverpool with the foundations to go on to become the greatest team in the world, which they duly did. He would go on to live in the city and watch the team until his death on the 29th of September 1981. The following game after his death the Kop carried a banner stating ‘SHANKLY LIVES FOREVER’. Also in his honour Liverpool erected a statue outside Anfield and named a walk way after the great man.
The Man:
Much can be said and has been said about Bill Shankly, he was an icon during his time at Liverpool not just because of his skills as a manager but as a person to. His philosophy about football was also based on his ideologies about life, from a poor working class background where a community would help one another when times were hard, he would instil that in his teams and the clubs fans. Shankly always had a great understanding with the supporters and would regularly spend days after training personally replying to every letter that was sent to him by fans, he would even have telephone conversations with fans about the previous game. There are many great stories about the man and his affiliation with the public, in April 1973 when Liverpool were showing the fans the Championship trophy they had won that season, when a fan threw a Liverpool scarf at Shankly during a lap of honour when a policeman picked it up and threw it to one side, Shankly pounced upon the scarf and reprimanded the officer saying ‘Don’t do that, This might be someone’s life’, this was all caught on television. Another time when Liverpool were in the 1976 UFEA Cup final in Brugge a fan came over to Shankly and said he didn’t have a ticket so Shankly went and bought him one.
There are endless tales about the man and this is tribute to the fact that he offered so much to the people. He said after his retirement ‘I was only in the game for the love of football - and I wanted to bring back happiness to the people of Liverpool’, He put himself under huge amounts of pressure and always felt like he let the fans down personally if the club had lost a game. The game of football to him was a way of offering hope and joy in a life that could be bleak and miserable from time to time. He had a certain demeanour that made him like a head teacher, which carried only respect from his players and got the best out of them because of this. He was renowned for his famous quotes, when asked about the other team on the other side of Stanley park Shankly said ‘There are only two teams in Liverpool; Liverpool and Liverpool Reserves’. Asked once about the offside law he said ‘If a player is not interfering with play or seeking to gain advantage , then he should be’. He was a very tough man and always expected the same from his players, once when Liverpool player Tommy Smith went to him to say that he was unable to play due to a knee injury Shankly responded ‘Take that poof bandage off, and what do you mean your knee, its Liverpool’s knee’.
He was awarded an OBE for his service to football in November 1974, this was recognition for his hard work and never say die attitude. He was also an inaugural inductee of the English Hall of Fame in 2002, in recognition on the English game as a manager. He lived, breathed and slept football, once asked about if he took his wife to watch a game as a wedding anniversary present he said ‘Of course I didn’t take my wife to see Rochdale as an anniversary present, it was her birthday. Would I have got married in the football season? Anyway it was Rochdale reserves’. The commitment and passion was always there and credit must be given to his family. He was charismatic, driven, passionate, methodical and wise in his own way, the man is gone but the legend will live on for a very long time.